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How many types of gear reducers do you know?
Reducers are the most widely used fittings in the piping industry, serving to reduce or enlarge the diameter of straight pipe sections. There are essentially two types: concentric reducers and eccentric reducers. Concentric reducers are the most common because they generate less friction on the fluid flow; however, eccentric reducers are employed when space constraints or alignment considerations come into play.
Coaxial and Eccentric Reducers
● Concentric reducer, also known as a welded concentric pipe fitting, allows a larger-diameter pipe to be joined to a smaller-diameter pipe by welding. It enables a welded connection between two pipes that share the same centerline.
● Eccentric Reducer: An eccentric reducer, also known as a welded eccentric coupling, allows a large-diameter pipe to be welded to a smaller-diameter pipe with an offset centerline. The centerline offset in an eccentric reducer is calculated as: Offset = 1/2 × (Maximum ID − Minimum ID)
Depending on how the fitting connects to the ends of the straight pipe, reducers are also classified as follows:
Reducing Tee for Butt-Welded Joints
● Butt-welded reducing pipe fittings. The pressure ratings, dimensions, and material specifications of butt-welded reducing pipe fittings are the same as those of butt-welded elbows.
Reducer–Thread
● Threaded reducer. Available only in concentric type, with a coupling design; one end fits larger-diameter piping, while the other end fits smaller-diameter piping. Material specifications (including pressure ratings) are identical to those of threaded elbows.
Eccentric flange reducer
● Flanged reducer. Its pressure rating, applications, materials, and dimensional standards are the same as those of flanged elbows. Regardless of the degree of reduction, its face-to-face dimension is determined by the larger pipe size.
In addition, there are also cast steel, copper, aluminum alloy, plastic, PVC, PPR, RFPP (reinforced polypropylene), and others.
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